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BIOBANKS ARE AN ESSENTIAL TOOL FOR TRANSPLANTATION. HISTORY, CURRENT STATE, PERSPECTIVES

Russian Journal of Transplantology and Artificial Organs

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Title BIOBANKS ARE AN ESSENTIAL TOOL FOR TRANSPLANTATION. HISTORY, CURRENT STATE, PERSPECTIVES
БИОБАНКИ – НЕОЦЕНИМЫЙ РЕСУРС ТРАНСПЛАНТАЦИИ. ИСТОРИЯ, СОВРЕМЕННОЕ СОСТОЯНИЕ, ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ
 
Creator O. Reznik N.; Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University

Saint-Petersburg I.I. Dzhanelidze State Research Institute of Emergency Medicine
D. Kuzmin O.; Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University

Saint-Petersburg I.I. Dzhanelidze State Research Institute of Emergency Medicine
A. Skvortsov E.; Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University
A. Reznik O.; Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University
О. Резник Н.; ФГБОУ ВО «Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет им. академика И.П. Павлова» Минздрава России

ГБУ «Санкт-Петербургский научно-исследовательский институт скорой помощи им. И.И. Джанелидзе»
Д. Кузьмин О.; ФГБОУ ВО «Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет им. академика И.П. Павлова» Минздрава России

ГБУ «Санкт-Петербургский научно-исследовательский институт скорой помощи им. И.И. Джанелидзе»
А. Скворцов Е.; ФГБОУ ВО «Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет им. академика И.П. Павлова» Минздрава России
А. Резник О.; ФГБОУ ВО «Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет им. академика И.П. Павлова» Минздрава России
 
Subject transplantation; biobank; personalized medicine
трансплантация;биобанк;персонализированная медицина.
 
Description Organ shortage remains to be a crucial issue in transplantation. However, it’s not the only challenge that modern transplantation is facing. There are critical issues to be solved, such as, choosing optimal patient-specific immunosuppressive regimen, preventing or coping effectively with graft rejection and improving graft and patient survival rates. There are still a number of ongoing studies on ischemia-reperfusion injury mechanisms. It is also unknown what the true limitations of organ viability are and what mechanisms actually regulate it. The upcoming era of personalized medicine dictates the necessity for individualized approach to these issues. The creation of transplant biobanks followed by different studies on their base may be the key option to resolve problems of modern transplantation. Biobanks are an essential basis of personalized medicine, which allows largescale population studies, discovery of new biomarkers and therapy targets as well as new drugs development. The importance of this relatively new fi eld has increased over last decades making its way from small collections of samples to large national and international biorepositories. There are biobanks of different types and purposes. In this article a systematic review is given covering historical reference, term definition, and classifi cation variants. Furthermore, the current state of the industry is highlighted along with current issues and perspectives with respect to transplantation.
Главная проблема трансплантации – это дефицит донорских органов. Однако это не единственный вызов современной трансплантации. Остро стоят проблемы подбора оптимальной дозы иммуносупрессивных препаратов для конкретного пациента, предупреждения и купирования реакций отторжения трансплантата, продления срока жизни реципиентов и пересаженного органа. До сих пор ведутся исследования механизмов ишемически- реперфузионного повреждения донорских органов. Также неизвестно, чем на самом деле ограничивается жизнеспособность донорских органов, какие ключевые механизмы влияют на нее. Наступающая эра персонализированной медицины диктует необходимость разработки индивидуализированных подходов к решению этих и других проблем. Ключом к решению может послужить создание трансплантационных биобанков и проведение различных исследований на их основе. Биобанки – это один из ключевых компонентов персонализированной медицины, они позволяют проводить крупномасштабные популяционные исследования, поиск новых биомаркеров и терапевтических целей, разработку новых лекарств. Значимость этой относительно молодой отрасли многократно возросла за последние десятилетия, на смену небольшим коллекциям биологических образцов пришли крупные национальные и международные биорепозитории. Существуют биобанки разных типов и предназначений. В данной статье проведен системный обзор литературы, дана историческая справка, предложены определения понятия «биобанк», рассмотрены существующие варианты классификации, освещено современное положение отрасли, оценены перспективы создания трансплантационных биобанков.
 
Publisher V.I.Shumakov Federal Research Center of Transplantology and Artificial Organs
 
Contributor —
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Date 2017-01-28
 
Type info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
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Format application/pdf
 
Identifier http://journal.transpl.ru/vtio/article/view/707
10.15825/1995-1191-2016-4-123-132
 
Source Russian Journal of Transplantology and Artificial Organs; Том 18, № 4 (2016); 123-132
Вестник трансплантологии и искусственных органов; Том 18, № 4 (2016); 123-132
2412-6160
1995-1191
10.15825/1995-1191-2016-4
 
Language rus
 
Relation http://journal.transpl.ru/vtio/article/view/707/597
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